History of Media

Media has been developed to chart & disseminate information to the masses, it has been there to educate.

Late 1400s – Development of printing

1600s/1700s – First newspaper, magazine

1800s – Creation of photography, telephone, cinematography, phonograph, first advertising agency.

Mid 1900s – First television is broadcast & colour TV goes to mass market in the US. Newspaper & magazines are digitized. Advertising.

Late 1900s – Introduction of computer, rise of Internet and portable computers, videos & DVDs, cable, Compact Disk developed.

Early 2000 – Interactive media develops, Rise of film & TV, advancements of electronic music, films.

Diversity & the media

Media is an extremely important part of our everyday life & as an industry has been critical in the dissemination of information to the mass population.

The influence that media holds over society has not always been used to society’s benefit, particularly in relation to disability, where the media has continued to add to the discrimination of disabled people.

Disabled People (as presentator /programs) =  No money/profit.

The media’s contribution to disabled people’s discrimination:

1. The media reinforcement of impairment & the use of the social model for diversities.

2. Media’s creation & underpinning use of non-mainstream stereotypes.

3. The role of media influences: Media organisations & their employees, political agendas, the intended audience & current social trends.

4. The use of images, language & terminology related to diversity.

5. The under-representation of disabled people in the media.

Narrative

·   A narrative is a name for the story itself.

·  The structure of the narrative is a reference to the ways the story is told.

·   There are lots of different ways of telling stories & therefore lots of different narrative structure.

Linear

·  Linear or sequential narrative structures – Are the most simple to understand.

·  We are presented with a version of the events as they happened with the beginning, middle & the end in the story.

·  Soap operas give us an endless linear narrative.

Non-Linear

·  Non-linear or non-sequential narrative structures – therefore refer to productions where the story is presented in any other fashion.

·   They may occur when we see the same events from a number of points of view, or where the ending is shown & the filmmaker decides to tell us the story of how we got to that decision.

Flashbacks

·  Flashbacks are a form of non-sequential narrative that involve details of the past being revealed before us on the screen.

Endings

·  Open Ending - An ending can be open, where we are left with a sense that the story is unfinished or may continue after the section of the narrative we have seen.

·   Closed Ending – An ending can be closed & present a definite end to the story being told.

Realist

·  A realist narrative will draw its power from the portrayal of realistic events.

Anti-Realist

·   An anti-realist narrative will have the freedom to indulge in the inclusion of aliens, vampires & all kids of beasty CGI non-sense.

Storyteller

Scriptwriter: Text

Cameraperson: Shots

Editor: Shots

Director: Actors, Scriptwriter, Camera, Lighting, Editing, Location, etc

The building blocks of film:

·         The basic building block of a film is short.

·         Each shot has a different purpose & meaning effect.

Types of shots:

·         Subject Size

·         Camera Angles

·         Camera Movement